The continuous casting Process is widely used by steelmakers all over the world, in which Process mould fluxes are essential to guarantee high quality of steels, esPecially in the vicinity of surface, by contributing to ProPer heat extraction and lubrication [1]. Recently, Susa et al have rePorted that transition metal oxides such as iron oxide in mould flux increase radiative heat transfer from the steel shell to the mould, leading to higher cooling rates causing longitudinal cracking [2]. According to the rePort, iron oxide free mould flux is effective to avoid the cracking; however, the mould flux may Pick uP some FeO during the casting oPeration.
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