Synthesis and Application of Si/Carbon Nanofiber Composites Based on Ni and Mo Catalysts for Anode Material of Lithium Secondary Batteries

摘要

In this paper, carbon nanofibers (CNFs) and Si/carbon nanofiber composites were synthesized for use as the anode material of lithium secondary batteries. Catalysts were prepared based on Ni and Mo metals and CNFs were grown through chemical vapor deposition (CVD). In addition, the grown CNFs were mixed with silicon particles to synthesize Si/carbon nanofibers composites. The physiochemical characteristics of the synthesized CNFs and Si/carbon nanofiber composites were analyzed by SEM, EDS, XRD, Raman, BET and XPS. The electrochemical characteristics were investigated by using cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge. Using CNFs and Si/carbon nanofiber composites as the anode material, three electrode cells were assembled and the electrochemical characteristics were measured using LiPF6 and LiClO4 as electrolytes. As a result of the galvanostatic charge-discharge of CNFs that were grown through catalysts with Ni and Mo concentration ratio of 6: 4, the initial discharge capacity when using LiPF6 as the electrolyte was 570 mAh/g and the retention rate was 15.05%. In the case of using LiClO4 as the electrolyte, the initial discharge capacity was 263 mAh/g and the retention rate was 67.23%.