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Dynamical cage behaviour and hydrogen migration in hydrogen and hydrogen-tetrahydrofuran clathrate hydrates

机译:氢和氢-四氢呋喃笼形水合物中的动态笼行为和氢迁移

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Classical equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations have been performed to investigate dynamical properties of cage radial breathing modes and intra- and inter-cage hydrogen migration in both pure hydrogen and mixed hydrogen-tetrahydrofuran sII hydrates at 0.05 kbar and up to 250 K. For the mixed H_2-THF system in which there is single H_2 occupation of the small cage (labelled "1SC 1LC"), we find that no H_2 migration occurs, and this is also the case for pure H_2 hydrate with single small-cavity occupation and quadruple occupancy for large cages (dubbed "1SC 4LC"). However, for the more densely filled H_2-THF and pure-H_2 systems, in which there is double H_2 occupation in the small cage (dubbed "2SC 1LC" and "2SC 4LC," respectively), there is an onset of inter-cage H2 migration events from the small cages to neighbouring cavities at around 200 K, with an approximate Arrhenius temperature-dependence for the migration rate from 200 to 250 K. It was found that these "cage hopping" events are facilitated by temporary openings of pentagonal small-cage faces with the relaxation and reformation of key stabilising hydrogen bonds during and following passage. The cages remain essentially intact up to 250 K, save for transient hydrogen bond weakening and reformation during and after inter-cage hydrogen diffusion events in the 200-250 K range. The "breathing modes," or underlying frequencies governing the variation in the cavities' radii, exhibit a certain overlap with THF rattling motion in the case of large cavities, while there is some overlap of small cages' radial breathing modes with lattice acoustic modes.
机译:已经进行了经典的平衡分子动力学模拟,以研究在0.05 kbar至250 K的纯氢和混合氢-四氢呋喃sII水合物中笼子径向呼吸模式以及笼内和笼内氢迁移的动力学特性。对于混合H_2 -THF系统中,小笼子中有单个H_2占据(标记为“ 1SC 1LC”),我们发现没有H_2迁移发生,纯H_2水合物也有单个小腔体占据和四倍占有率的情况大笼子(称为“ 1SC 4LC”)。但是,对于更密集填充的H_2-THF和纯H_2系统,在小笼子中分别有两次H_2占据(分别称为“ 2SC 1LC”和“ 2SC 4LC”),在笼子中间出现H2从小笼子向邻近腔室的迁移事件在200 K左右,迁移速度从200到250 K大约与Arrhenius温度相关。发现这些“笼跳”事件是由五边形小孔的临时打开促进的-笼子在通过过程中和通过过程后面临着关键稳定氢键的松弛和重整。笼子在高达250 K的范围内基本上保持完好无损,但在200-250 K范围内的笼内氢扩散事件期间和之后,瞬态氢键减弱和重新形成。在大腔的情况下,“呼吸模式”或控制腔半径变化的基本频率与THF嘎嘎声运动表现出一定的重叠,而小笼的径向呼吸模式与晶格声学模式有一定的重叠。

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