Modal frequency degeneracy in thermally loaded optical resonators

摘要

We observe power coupling from the fundamental mode to frequency-degenerate higher-order spatial modes in optical resonators illuminated with a 30 W laser. Thermally-induced modal frequency degeneracy facilitates power transfer from the fundamental mode to higher-order modes, reduces power coupling into the cavity, and triggers power fluctuations. Modeling thermoelastic deformation of a mirror's surface shows predicted modal frequency degeneracy to be in reasonable agreement with experimental observations. Predictions for the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO) show that the circulating fundamental-mode power necessary for gravitational-wave detection is compromised at coating absorptions of 3.8 and 0.44 ppm for Enhanced and Advanced LIGO Fabry-Perot cavities, respectively.