The programmed cell death, rescuing culture and polyploid plantlet establishment in endosperm culture of spider lilies (Lycoris spp.).

摘要

The endosperm tissue of spider lilies is initially destining to programmed cell death (PCD) during full cellularization stage about 32-35 days after pollination, manifested via Evan's blue staining and accompanying genomic DNA degradation The occurrence of PCD is concomitantly lost of cell viability and proliferation capacity in vitro. The 25-32 days old of selfed- and crossed-endosperm was competent to produce 71.8% callusing on MS medium, and dramatically decreased to 32.5% and 2.0% by 30-35 and 30-40 DAP. The cultured immature endosperm may resume to PCD, but, can be totally arrested by addition of AgNO3 12 mg/L or 2,4-D 1-2 mg/L. The induced endosperm callus is composed of highly heterogenous cytochimeras varied in chromosome number or ploidies, and required serial subcultures for induction of somatic embryogenesis and organogenesis. The endosperm-derived plantlets were examined through cell flow cytometer revealed multiple genomic DNA peaks calculated as 1.37-1.47 times in relative DNA content of their parents. The self-pollinated endosperm regenerants of L. sprengeri and L. radiata 2n=22(22A) were cytologically examined as chimeric 28-34A chromosomes. The induced plantlets of L. aurea 2n=14(8M+6T) x L. radiata were varied in the range 23=8M+6T+9A to 25=8M+6T+11A proved to be mixo-allotriploid..