Dynamics of Weather and Climatic Characteristics and Ecological Functions of a Small Forest Basin

摘要

The climatic parameters and protective characteristics of forest ecosystems were studied within a small drainage area in the upper reaches of the Ussuri River (Southern Sikhote-Alin) as an example. Analysis of the 40-year dynamics of air temperature and the regime of atmospheric precipitation showed that the temperature background and precipitation redistribution changed during a year: a trend to an increase in the average annual air temperature is observed as a result of warming during the cold and transition seasons, the number of years with insufficient wetting in summer and fall and with snowy winters increases. The ecological potential of the basin, expressed in the quantitative indices of water-regulative and water protection role of primary forests, is decreased after the experimental felling of main use. With the general increasing negative dynamics of the forest resources of the region, climatic changes may cause an increase in the surface drainage in the spring, a decrease in the channel runoff of small rivers, worsening of watering and water quality of large river basins.