Analysis of the reduction effect of electric vehicles on environment loads with regional characteristics during charging phase

摘要

In order to evaluate the reduction effect of electric vehicles (EVs) on various atmospheric environmental loads, we have performed Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) analysis, including the installation of charging stations and regional, seasonal and temporal difference of the energy mix of electricity generation. For an EV converted from a small gasoline vehicle, regional LCI analysis was carried out as the following steps; ①location of the charging stations, ②modeling of charging characteristics of station users,③calculation of temporal life cycle emission intensities of CO{sub}2, NO{sub}x and SO{sub}x by regions, seasons and days. Assuming that total traveling mileage is 100,000km, the electricity consumption rate is 0.119kWh/km and the charging and discharging efficiency is 70%, average life cycle emission of CO{sub}2 for that EV was 3.6t-C throughout Japan. However, if we took regional difference into account, the emission ranged over 70-160% of the average amount. It was revealed that the regional difference of the primary energy mix significantly affected the emissions of EVs during the operation phase.