Bone is a metabolically active tissue that undergoes continuous remodeling by two sequential events, bone formation and resorption. These events are strongly linked and tightly regulated to maintain skeletal homeostasis. The bone cells responsible for the dual events include the bone-resorbing cells, the osteodasts, arising from monocyte-macrophage precursors, and the bone forming cells, the osteoblasts, having a mesenchymal origin. Immune and bone cell activities are linked by several pathways [1] and the former can promote bone building or destruction. Further, immune cells can be involved in the mineralization process occurring in extra-skeletal sites. In this special issue different authors highlighted these items both through research articles and reviews.
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