Clinical signs of uveitis associated with latent tuberculosis

摘要

Background: To identify the clinical ocular signs of uveitis associated with latent tuberculosis. Design: Retrospective case-control study. Participants: Consecutive patients from Singapore National Eye Centre Uveitis over 9 years. Sixty-two patients with uveitis associated with latent tuberculosis were compared with 72 matched controls diagnosed with other known uveitides. Methods: Patients were categorized as: (A) predominantly anterior segment inflammation (anterior uveitides) and (B) predominantly posterior segment inflammation (intermediate, posterior or pan-uveitides). The diagnostic performance of combining these clinical signs with investigations such as interferon-gamma release assay positivity and chest X-ray results suggestive of pulmonary tuberculosis was done using area under the receiver operator characteristic curve. Main Outcome Measures: Sensitivity, specificity and likelihood of association with tuberculosis of various clinical signs. Results: Extensive posterior synechiae and concomitant anterior scleritis in Group A; low-grade anterior chamber activity, retinal phlebitis and severe vitritis in Group B were significantly associated with latent tuberculosis. Combining these clinical signs with a positive interferon-gamma release assay and tuberculin skin test improved the diagnostic performance in both groups (area under the receiver operator characteristic curve for Group A=0.779; Group B=0.789). Conclusion: Patients with a combination of suggestive clinical signs with positive interferon-gamma release assay and tuberculin skin test are more likely to be accurately diagnosed with uveitis associated with latent tuberculosis, which responds to anti-tuberculosis therapy.