Pancreatic cancer: total costs and utilization of health services.

摘要

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Pancreatic cancer ranks 11th in incidence, and fifth in cancer deaths, with 29,000 affected annually. Accurate estimates of the cost of pancreatic cancer are unavailable; existing estimates are variable or not generalizable. This paper presents detailed cost estimates for pancreatic cancer by service, age, and gender. METHODS: Direct and indirect societal costs are determined using a prevalence-based, human capital approach. RESULTS: Total annual costs are