The role of dairy in meeting the recommendations for shortfall nutrients in the American diet.

摘要

BACKGROUND: The 2005 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee (DGAC) recognizedcalcium, potassium and magnesium, all found in high levels in dairy foods, amongthe shortfall nutrients in both children and adults' diets.OBJECTIVE: The objectives were to determine: 1) the percentage of the populationwith intakes greater than the Adequate Intakes (AI) for calcium and potassium andthe percentage of the population with inadequate magnesium intake (based onEstimated Average Requirement [EAR]) and 2) the impact of various levels of dairyconsumption on intake of calcium, potassium and magnesium.DESIGN: Secondary analysis of data from the 1999-2004 NHANES. SUBJECTS/ SETTING:Participants 2 years of age and older.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Percentage of the population meeting currentrecommendations for calcium, potassium and magnesium.STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED: Percentage of EAR/AI for nutrients was calculatedbased on age/gender specific values. All analyses were weighted using the NHANESsix-year sample weights and adjusted for the complex sample design of NHANES withthe statistical package SUDAAN.RESULTS: The most recent NHANES data demonstrated that a significant proportionof the American population did not meet recommendations for calcium, potassium,and magnesium. Less than 3% of the population consumed the recommended level ormore of potassium. Only 30% of the US population 2 years of age and olderobtained the recommended level of calcium or more and 55% consumed less than theEAR for magnesium. Recommending 3-4 servings from the dairy group for all peoplegreater than 9 years of age may be necessary in order to ensure adequate intakeof calcium and magnesium, assuming the current diet remains the same. More than 4servings of dairy would be needed to meet the potassium recommendation at allages.CONCLUSIONS: For those individuals who do not consume dairy products, we need tobetter understand the barriers to consuming specific dairy products. In addition,more research is needed...