Denis F. Keegan: Forgotten pioneer of plastic surgery

摘要

Today every beginning plastic surgery trainee learns that full thickness nasal reconstructions must be lined or they will contract. But this was not always known. Originating in India over 2000 years ago, forehead flap nasal reconstruction is our specialty's oldest procedure; however, the need for lining is a relatively recent discovery. When was this principle first recognized? For centuries surgeons have been promoting procedures. When did a surgeon step back from the lectern or operating table and describe the social influences that impacted the need for surgery?