Influence of growth regulators on certain reproductive parameters of cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) variety Bhaskara

摘要

Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) is a polygamous tree and produces male and hermaphrodite flowers in different phases during flowering. Some of the factors for low yield of cashew are the production of low percentage of hermaphrodite flowers, poor fruit set, immature fruit drop and low fruit retention (Haribabu, 1982).Flowering in cashew is seasonal, producing flower bud in varying phases starting from September to March depending upon the cultivars and climatic conditions. Though, cashew producesinnumerable flowers, only 1-2 per cent of the flowers set fruit and reach maturity. Production of more number of pistillate flowers and reduction in nut drop can be accomphshed by the use of plant hormones. Fmit set and their retention are the major limiting factors for low yield in cashew which needs due attention. The nuts those develop after poUination start drying followed by dropping, leading to very low percentage of matured nuts. Use of growth regulators like auxins, gibberellins, and ethylene has resulted in improving the vegetative and reproductive parameters which are associated with high yield in many fruit crops (Lafer, 2008; Chacko et al., 1974; Rawash etal.; 1983; Singh et al; 1986).