Biological significance of co- and post-translational modifications of the yeast 26S proteasome

摘要

In yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), co- and post-translational modifications of the 26S proteasome, a large protein complex, were comprehensively detected by proteomic techniques, and their functions were investigated. The presence, number, site, and state of co- and post-translational modifications of the 26S proteasome differ considerably among yeast, human, and mouse. The roles of phosphorylation, N-alpha-acetylation, N-alpha-myristoylation, N-alpha-methylation, and N-terminal truncation in the yeast 26S proteasome were investigated. Although there is only one modification site for either N-alpha-acetylation, N-alpha-myristoylation, or N-alpha-methylation, these modifications play an important role in the functions of the yeast proteasome. In contrast, there are many phosphorylation sites in the yeast 26S proteasome. However, the phosphorylation patterns might be a few, suggesting that tiny modifications exert considerable effects on the function of the proteasome.