Uniform semiclassical approximations of the nonlinear Schrodinger equation by a Painleve mapping

摘要

A useful semiclassical method to calculate eigenfunctions of the Schrodinger equation is the mapping to a well-known ordinary differential equation, such as for example Airy's equation. In this paper, we generalize the mapping procedure to the nonlinear Schrodinger equation or Gross-Pitaevskii equation describing the macroscopic wavefunction of a Bose-Einstein condensate. The nonlinear Schrodinger equation is mapped to the second Painleve equation (P-II), which is one of the best-known differential equations with a cubic nonlinearity. A quantization condition is derived from the connection formulae of these functions. Comparison with numerically exact results for a harmonic trap demonstrates the benefit of the mapping method. Finally we discuss the influence of a shallow periodic potential on bright soliton solutions by a mapping to a constant potential.