Prenatal Diagnosis and Management for Congenital fntrapericardial Diaphragmatic Hernia with Massive Cardiac Effusion: A Case Report and Literature Review

摘要

Congenital intrapericardial diaphragmatic hernia with massive pericardial effusion is a very rare phenotype of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). Since 1980, there have been only 16 cases reported [1-7]. One common feature of all cases is an anterior diaphragmatic defect, or Morgagni hernia, which accounts for only 2% of CDH. Lung hypoplasia due to compression from the massive pericardial effusion is often found, and this necessitates early intervention to improve the perinatal outcome. After reviewing previous case reports and related articles, we have summarized the current diagnostic methods and management for this rare phenotype.