The influence of rootstocks M.9 and P 60 on quality and storability in 'Gala' and 'Gala Must' apples.

摘要

The experiment was performed on two apple cultivars ('Gala' and 'Gala Must') grafted on two rootstocks (M.9 and P 60). Trees were planted in the spring 1993 in Dabrowice Experimental Orchard of the Research Institute of Pomology and Floriculture (Poland). In the experiment, size, colour, total soluble solids, acidity and firmness were measured. In general, fruit size at harvest time was higher in 'Gala Must' than in 'Gala'. For both cultivars, fruit size was higher on M.9 rootstock. Colouring was better in 'Gala Must' than in 'Gala'. 'Gala Must' has a solid blushing pattern, and 'Gala' has a striped blushing pattern. In 'Gala Must', fruits ripened earlier on M.9 than on P 60. In both cultivars, starch index at harvest was usually higher on M.9 than on P 60. The effect of the rootstock on total soluble solids (TSS) at harvest varied from year to year in 'Gala'. In 'Gala Must', however, TSS was higher on M.9 than on P 60. Titratable acidity (TA) depended on the cultivar and varied from year to year. The standard cultivar of apple and its mutant should be treated as a separate cultivars. Quality parameters and response to rootstock and seasonal conditions are different..