In vitro plant regeneration and bulblet formation of Tunceli garlic (Allium tuncelianum (Kollman) Ozhatay, Matthew, Siraneci) by shoot and root culture.

摘要

Tunceli garlic (Allium tuncelianum (Kollman) Ozhatay, Matthews, Siraneci) is an endemic garlic species located in the Eastern part of Turkey and used as cultivated garlic (Allium sativum). Allium tuncelianum is endangered because of insensible harvesting of the local people. This research was carried out to determine and adapt the ways of in vitro micropropagation methods for Tunceli garlic. A novel micropropagation method was developed for Tunceli garlic by root and shoot culture techniques. The different combinations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) (for root culture) and NAA, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) with benziladenin (BA) (0, 0.1, 1.0 mgl-1) (for shoot culture experiment) were used in Murashige & Skoog (MS) medium which were supplemented with 30 gl-1 sucrose and 0.8 mgl-1 agar. According to results, the root tip culture was not found as a proper method for shoot proliferation like Allium sativum. On the contrary, shoot culture was found effective on shoot formation. As an average, 1 or 2 shoots obtained per explant and lower doses of IAA and BA (0,1 mgl-1, 0,1 mgl-1) had an important effect on it. The proliferated shoots of Tunceli garlic produced bulblets by culture on auxin free MS medium; also subculture number relatively had an important effect on bulblet formation.