Enzymes and Bioactive Peptides from Fish Waste Related to Fish Silage, Fish Feed and Fish Sauce Production

摘要

This paper gives a brief survey of research and developments concerning enzymes and bioactive peptides from fish waste or by-catch applied for fish silage, fish feed or fish sauce production. The fish silage processing technology developed in the late1970s revealed the possibility of recovering pepsins and bioactive peplides from fish silage. Whereas the pepsins are used for gentle bioprocessing of certain fishery products, the peptides may be valuable immuno stimulants. In vitro and in vivo studieshave shown that certain peptide fractions in fish protein hydrolysates may stimulate the non-specific immune defense system, Both fish sauce and fish silage are protein hydrolysates with immune stimulating properties. Generally fish sauce is regarded asatypical Asian product made from tropical fish species, but ancient literature reveals that fish sauce was a common food product in Southern Europe more than 2000 years ago, Recent studies have shown that it can be made also from cold water species.