Differentiation of somatic embryos in suspension cultures and plant regeneration of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.)

摘要

Callus was induced from hypocotyl segments of cumin seedlings on agar-gelled medium supplemented with 4 muM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) plus 2 muM kinetin (kin). Cell suspension cultures were established and maintained in liquid medium with the same 2,4-D and kin Supplements. Somatic embryos differentiated 7 days after transferring the cell suspension into liquid medium lacking plant growth regulators (PGRs). A large number of germinated somatic embryos (GSE) was obtained when either the cell suspension was directly plated or the differentiated embryos were cultured on gelled-medium (CM) containing 0.1 muM kin or 0.3 muM zeatin (zt). Cultures on the medium lacking kin and zt developed only roots. The germination capacity of the differentiated embryos was reduced when the Suspension was incubated for 11 days in the PGR-free medium. It was completely lost when this treatment was for 15 days. A larger number of the GSE was produced on CM with zt than with kin. Eighty per cent of the GSE formed roots on the half-strength medium supplemented with 1 muM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and 2% polyethylene glycol (PEG, 6000). Of those plants, 65-70% survived under the ex vitro conditions.