Regulation of lipid metabolism and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors in rainbow trout adipose tissue by lipolytic and antilipolytic endocrine factors

摘要

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I on glycerol release and the regulation of IGF-I and IGF-II expression by GH in isolated rainbow trout adipocytes. Cells were also incubated with GH, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), or insulin to analyze the gene expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) and lipid metabolism markers: hormone sensitive lipase, fatty acid synthase (FAS), and lipoprotein lipase. Complimentary in vivo experiments were performed by intraperitoneally administering insulin, TNFa, or lipopolysaccharide and subjecting the animals to fasting and refeeding periods. The results showed that IGF-I had an antilipolytic effect and GH had a lipolytic effect; the latter occurred independently of IGF modulation and in conjunction with a reduction in PPAR alpha expression in adipocytes. The anabolic action of insulin was demonstrated through its upregulation of lipogenic genes such as lipoprotein lipase, FAS, and PPAR gamma, whereas GH, by contrast, inhibited FAS expression in adipose tissue. The gene transcription levels of PPARs changed differentially during fasting and refeeding, and the TNF alpha and/or lipopolysaccharide administration suggested that the regulation of PPARs helps maintain metabolic adipose tissue homeostasis in rainbow trout. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.