At present, martensitic transformations are considered as a diffusionless transition of the high-temperature austenitic phase to the low-temperature martensitic phase. Since this transition proceeds through the collective displacement of atoms without the rearrangement of chemical bonds, martensitic transformations can occur at extremely low temperatures. The crystallographic aspects of martensitic transformations and microstructure of the martensitic phase are well studied (see, e.g., [1]).
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