Dynamics of symbiotic establishment between an IAA-overproducing mutant of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Hebeloma cylindrosporum and Pinus pinaster.

摘要

To clarify the early steps of symbiotic establishment, the dynamics of Pinus pinaster tap root colonization and mycorrhiza formation by an IAA-over-producing mutant of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Hebeloma cylindrosporum Romagnesi and by the corresponding wild type strain were studied. Differences between wild type and mutant strains were quantitative rather than qualitative and were detected two days after inoculation. Both fungal strains established a typical Hartig net when they colonized the taproots. Consequently, colonized tap roots exhibited features of a true mycorrhiza and fungal colonization enhanced plant growth. Fungal colonization and Hartig net formation were more rapid with the mutant than with the wild type. Colonization, especiallywith the mutant strain, increased rhizogenesis and the production of mycorrhizas. The mutant formed a hypertrophic Hartig net in tap roots and mycorrhizal short roots. Evidence is presented that the process of short root transformation into mycorrhiza started before their emergence from the tap root. Hyphae of the Hartig net in the tap root penetrated the cortex of young lateral roots at the beginning of their elongation, after the endodermis layer broke under the pressure of the elongating lateral root. Colonization was inhibited when triiodobenzoic acid was added to the culture medium, providing circumstantial evidence that auxin is involved in mycorrhiza formation.