Research over the past 2 decades has led to a fundamental understanding of the neurobiologicai bases of addiction (1). These insights have resulted in the identification of multiple targets (2), many already proven drugable, that could potentially revolutionize the treatment of substance use disorders (SUDs). Nonetheless, the goal of developing highly effective medications to treat SUDs remains largely unmet. Thus, there are no medications approved to treat either stimulant or cannabis use disorders, and the efficacy of available therapies for other SUDs (e.g., opiates, tobacco, alcohol) is far from ideal.
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