Hydroformylation of 1-hexene in supercritical carbon dioxide using a heterogeneous rhodium catalyst. 1. Effect of process parameters

摘要

The hydroformylation of 1-hexene in supercritical carbon dioxide is catalyzed with a heterogeneous rhodium catalyst that is active, selective, and stable for the formation of heptanal. The aldehyde yield and regioselectivity can be affected through changes in catalyst support structure, CO_2 solvent pressure, and reaction temperature. A complex reaction pathway model is described that allows determination of rate constants, which are in turn, evaluated as a function of temperature and pressure. Analysis reveals an activation volume of -474 cm~3/mol and activation energy of 31.9 kJ/mol for the hydroformylation pathways.