Antibiotic prophylaxis can prevent recurrent infection in children with urinary tract infections.

摘要

Question Among children with a history of urinary tract infection (UTI), will low-dose antibiotics (compared with placebo) prevent recurrent UTIs?Design Randomized controlled trial. Setting Four medical centers in Australia.Participants A total of 576 children (median age at entry of 14 months). Sixty-four percent of the patients were girls, 42% had known vesicoureteral reflux (at least grade III in 53% of these patients), and 71% were enrolled after the first diagnosis of urinary tract infection.Intervention Enrolled children received either daily trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole suspension (as trimethoprim 2 mg + sulfamethoxazole 10 mg/kg body weight) or placebo for 12 months.