DYSTOCIA DUE TO STENOSIS OF VULVA IN HEIFER AND ITS SUCCESSFUL MANAGEMENT THROUGH EPISIOTOMY

摘要

The maternal causes of dystocia are considered to be arising either because of the constriction/ obstruction of the birth canal or due to a deficiency of the maternal expulsive force (Noakes et al., 2001; Srinivas et al., 2007).Dystocia due to stenosis or constriction of the vulva and vestibule is occasionally seen in the heifer or mare and less commonly in the other animals. It is usually observed in heifers with genital hypoplasia due to improper growth of the heifer because of chronic disease or poor nutrition. Dystocia due to small vulva may be observed some times in heifers that abort or calves prematurely before the vulva is properly relaxed (Roberts, 1971). The present case report puts on a record a case of dystocia due to stenosis of vulva and its successful management through episiotomy.