Biomarkers in Drug Development: A Handbook of Practice, Application, and Strategy

摘要

It is a sad fact that most molecules fail to make successful drugs, and many novel pharmacologic hypotheses do not translate to therapeutically useful mecha-nisms. It is also clear that the costs of drug development are spiraling ever upwards, and so there is an urgent need for early, rapid, disciplined decision making around the best molecules, mechanisms and hypotheses to test in expensive late-stage clinical trials.