Recollection Is a Continuous Process:Implications for Dual-Process Theories of Recognition Memory

摘要

Dual-process theory, which holds that recog_nition decisions can be based on recollection or familiarity, has long seemed incompatible with signal detection theory, which holds that recognition decisions are based on a singular, continuous memory-strength variable. Formal dual-process models typically regard familiarity as a continuous process (i.e., familiarity comes in degrees), but they construe recollection as a categorical process (i.e., recollection either occurs or does not occur). A continuous process is characterized by a graded relationship between confidence and accuracy, whereas a categorical process is characterized by a binary relationship such that high confidence is associated with high accuracy but all lower degrees of confidence are associated with chance accuracy. Using a source-memory procedure, we found that the re_lationship between confidence and source-recollection ac_curacy was graded. Because recollection, like familiarity, is a continuous process, dual process theory is more compat_ible with signal detection theory than previously thought.