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中国高等学校学术文摘·经济学

中国高等学校学术文摘·经济学

Frontiers of Economics in China
涉及领域包括政治经济学、马克思主义经济思想史、中国经济思想史、外国经济思想史、中国经济史、西方经济学、世界经济、国民经济计划和管理、财政学、金融学、产业经济、国际贸易、投资经济、劳动经济学、人口经济学、统计学、数量经济学、旅游经济、消费经济、信息经济等。
  • 发文量：499
  • 被引量：70
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  • 国内刊号/CN：11-5744/F
    国际刊号/ISSN：1673-3444
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  • 主管单位：教育部
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中国高等学校学术文摘·经济学 >2023年第1期

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  • 摘要：A striking feature of the structural change literature is that,even though the U.S.economy is often used as a benchmark for calibration,the traditional models cannot account for the steep decline in manufacturing and rise in services in the U.S.since the late 1970s (Buera and Kaboski,2009).In order to solve this puzzle,this paper develops a three-sector model to evaluate various factors that could have contributed to the structural transformation process from 1950 to 2005.The results show that,in addition to traditional explanations,such as non-homothetic preference and sector-biased productivity progress,international trade is another major source of structural change and is able to explain about 35.5％ of the overall employment share decrease in American manufacturing.The quantitative calibration estimates that the inter-sector trade makes a moderate contribution,while trade imbalances dominate the recent contraction of manufacturing employment share.Our results suggest that calibrated models based on U.S.data have to be adjusted by trade factors.
  • 摘要：The paper shows that there do exist two kinds of steady states equilibria in the overlapping generations models with consumption and production loans,similar to the pure exchange economies examined by Gale (1973).Furthermore,the local stability properties of these two (kinds of) steady states are also investigated:In the classical case,the golden-rule steady state is stable and the balanced steady state is saddle-point stable;however,in the Samuelson case,the golden-rule steady state is saddle-point stable and the balanced steady state is stable.
  • 摘要：Launched in August 2014, the journal Confucian Academy (Chinese Thought and Culture Review) [ISSN 2095-8536, CN 52-5035/C] is a leading Chinese-English bilingual scholarly journal dedicated to traditional Chinese thought and culture in prompting conversations among world civilizations. Confucian Academy cordially invites the submission of manuscripts for consideration for the next issue. Authors may submit manuscripts in Chinese or English while Chinese- English bilingual manuscripts are strongly preferred, in which case authors will receive a double payment upon publication. The corresponding author of an accepted manuscript will be noti ed and receive credit for payment. Confucian Academy additionally provides the corresponding author with two complimentary copies of the print issue in which the article appears.
  • 摘要：We provide a simple framework for analyzing how competition affects the choice of audit structures in an oligopolistic insurance industry.When the degree of competition increases,fraud increases but the response of the industry in terms of investment in audit quality follows a U-shaped pattern.Following increases in competition,the investment in audit quality will decrease if the industry is initially in a low competition regime while it will increase when the industry is in a high competition regime.We show that firms will benefit from forming a joint audit agency only when the degree of competition is intermediate;in this case,cooperation might improve total welfare and we analyze the effects of contract innovation on the performance of the industry.
  • 摘要：In light of the relationship and the current disconnection between science & technology (S&T) innovation and industrial innovation in China,it is necessary to put forward and emphasize the concept of industrialized innovation.Industrialized innovation is the bridge and intermediation between S&T innovation and industrial innovation,which is not only a concept,but also a mechanism and combination force.There are two ways to achieve industrialized innovation:through industry-university-research coordination and through technology entrepreneurship.The meaning of industry-university-research coordination is not about coordination among industry,university and research sectors in an institutional sense;rather it is about the coordination of the functions of cultivation and development in new industries,new technologies,and new talents of industrialized innovation.The incentive mechanism for industrialized innovation should motivate not only innovation but also coordination.Technology entrepreneurship is the industrialization of new technology through business start-ups,which occurs beyond the stage of incubation and development of new technology.The capital of technology entrepreneurship is the set consisting of knowledge capital manifested through technological innovation,human capital manifested through entrepreneurs,and physical capital in the form of venture capital.While physical capital is indispensable,knowledge capital and human capital play the decisive role in technology entrepreneurship.The industrialization of technological innovation involves two requirements:one is to enable the new technology industry to achieve a large scale rapidly,and the other is to fully realize the potential value of the new technology.Both requirements are reliant on effective innovation in business models.
  • 摘要：By means of a literature review,this paper strives to provide some clarity on the much-debated relationship between product market competition and firms' incentives to innovate.It shows that in the literature there does not exist a robust relationship between competition and incentives to innovate.Therefore,it would be futile to continue the debate over whether competition stimulates or hinders innovation.A more useful approach is to make a distinction between pre-innovation competition and post-innovation competition,as it provides a way for reconciling many of the seemingly contradictory findings from the literature.Another important insight from the literature is that the relationship between competition and innovation depends on the source of increased competition.
  • 摘要：A network approach is proposed to analyze the formation of cross-holdings and anti-competitive implications.Our approach is motivated by the bilateral arrangement of passive ownership between Microsoft and Apple in 1997.We provide a complete characterization of pairwise stable cross-holdings for a model of Cournot oligopoly with a homogeneous product.Our results strengthen the competitive implications of endogenous cross-holdings in Cournot oligopoly found in the literature.
  • 摘要：This article examines (i) how retailers position private label products,(ii) why private labels are sold in some product categories but not in others,and why some national brand products may have difficulty in accessing retailers' shelves,(iii) why some private label products are positioned as "premium" brands,and (iv) how consumers' surplus and total welfare are affected by private labels.We find that private label positioning leads to less differentiation in product category,which structurally changes a retailer's product line in return.Consumer welfare and total welfare are lower
  • 摘要：In this paper,we provide an alternative explanation for why auctioneers often keep the reserve price hidden or secret.We consider a standard independent private values environment in which the buyers are risk-averse and the seller has private information about her valuation of the object to be auctioned.The seller uses a first-price sealed-bid auction mechanism combined with either an announced reserve price or a hidden reserve price.We compare the seller's ex ante expected profits under these two policies and find that the optimal hidden reserve price policy generates higher expected profits for the seller when the buyers are fairly risk-averse under particular restrictions on buyers' preferences and the distributions of private values.As the number of the buyers increases,the hidden reserve price is more likely to dominate.Numerical methods are used to demonstrate the generality of our main results.
  • 摘要：The paper discusses the diffusion of new technologies from the perspective of the classical economists and Schumpeter.After a comparison of the pre-and post-technical change long-period positions of the economy,we illustrate the process of transition between the two in terms of a two-sector model.Next,we turn to a system with joint production.The fact that some products may be "bads" that need to be disposed of leads to a study of systems of production-cum-disposal.Finally,we investigate the selection pressure innovations exert on incumbent firms.An important message is that technical change cannot generally be studied within a partial framework of the analysis.
  • 摘要：崇尚极简Syndicate Clothing 2014春夏服装 乌克兰最近不太平，但来自乌克兰基辅的Syndicate Clothing依然秉承着简约风格再度登场。2014春夏，Syndicate Clothing带来了棉质卫衣、T恤以及诸多迷彩系列作品，虽然设计简单却不乏实用感。
  • 摘要：Since the Reform and Opening-up policy had been implemented in 1978,mainland China has experienced significant economic growth,with GDP rising on an annual average of about 10％.However,this growth miracle was far from being evenly distributed across space.It is,therefore,the aim of this paper to study the evolution of spatial disparities in economic development across the country between 1993 and 2012,a period which is characterized by all provinces having access to international markets and being open for international investors.We seek to answer the question of whether Central and Western Chinese provinces were catching up with the East.We defime ‘catching up’ as a growing similarity among spatial units.Convergence processes might manifest in four dimensions,including (1) the spatial allocation of employment,value added generation and the fixed capital stock,(2) forms of technical change,(3) productivity patterns,and (4) income distribution.Results show that persistent phases of convergence appeared.However,in some cases the catching up of China's less developed parts with the flourishing East was limited to only a few Western and Central Chinese provinces.A high degree of path-dependency in economic development prevented catching up from taking place in a more uniform manner.
  • 摘要：From the 1970s,the global currency system has two features:the use of one or a few sovereign currencies as the global reserve asset and the floating exchange rate regime between major currencies.This paper points out that the costs of the dollar's use as an international reserve currency exceed the benefits for both the US and the rest of the world.These costs include the exporting of American manufacturing as a byproduct of its current account deficit needed to supply its currency to the rest of the world.In addition to the detriment to trade from unpredictable exchange rate fluctuations,the termination of the U.S.obligation to redeem its currency for gold also removed an important restraint on deficit financing for the US and many other countries in the short-run,thus promoting excessive leverage that was a major contributor to the 2008 financial crisis.The paper suggests replacing several main countries' currencies in international reserves with a real Special Drawing Right (SDR) issued according to currency board rules.
  • 摘要：This paper examines the effects of state-owned enterprises (SOE) privatization,implemented by the Chinese government in the 1990s,on enterprise efficiency for a sample of non-privatized SOEs and privatized ex-SOEs.The study calculates input-oriented DEA meta-frontier efficiency scores,after accounting for heterogeneity in technology across groups.These scores are used to test whether or not one group's technology dominates the other.A measure of additional input saving is also provided if these enterprises have access to unrestricted meta-technology.The analysis of the Chinese pharmaceutical industry reveals that privatization has not improved enterprise efficiency,at least in the short run.Almost 56％ of inputs could be proportionally saved if these privatized ex-SOEs had been efficient,relative to the meta-production technology while non-privatized SOEs could proportionally save only 51％.Privatized ex-SOEs had less ability to access to meta-technology.This finding could be explained by subsequent observations that China,at the time of our analysis,did not have well-established intellectual property rights and formal drug approval procedures;these two factors are important driving forces for developing joint ventures with foreign investors to gain additional capital funding and technology transfer.Broadly speaking,our results are consistent with the subsequent shakeup in the Chinese pharmaceutical industry.
  • 摘要：This article tries to explain elitism in China's governmental decision making.Our model shows that the governments' expected utility increases with a bureaucrat's ability to make decisions under the flexible framework of delegation and communication (with separated reporting strategy).In the early of 1950s,China's government choose a flexible decision making framework in order to efficiently manage many affairs in a complex environment.This initial choice started the process of a self-reinforcing demand for ability inside of the flexible decision making framework.With the current reforms of streamlining administrations and retreating from the market,the elitism of China's government might reverse.
  • 摘要：This paper empirically analyzes the factors affecting personal income in urban China using survey data of the "Preference and Life Satisfaction Survey" conducted by the Global COE project of Osaka University from 2009 to 2013.We consider education level as an endogenous variable,and both ordinary least squares (OLS) regression and instrumental variable (Ⅳ) regression are performed.We find a number of factors,such as sex,age,education,and marriage that significantly affect personal income.In addition,differences between different occupations are also investigated.
  • 摘要：We study firm heterogeneity in economic development in an overlapping-generations general equilibrium model in which manufacturing firms engage in oligopolistic competition.Individuals differ in their productivities in the manufacturing sector and choose to become entrepreneurs or workers.The model is surprisingly tractable.In the steady state,an increase in the entry barrier in the manufacturing sector or an increase in the percentage of income spent on the agricultural good decreases the wage rate,but the level of output in the manufacturing sector does not necessarily decrease.An increase in the degree of patience of an individual increases the steady state wage rate and the capital stock.Even with increasing returns in manufacturing and constant returns in agriculture,neither the wage rate nor the output level in the manufacturing sector may increase with population size.
  • 摘要：Launched in August 2014, the journal Confucian Academy (Chinese Thought and Culture Review) [ISSN 2095-8536, CN 52-5035/C] is a leading Chinese-English bilingual scholarly journal dedicated to traditional Chinese thought and culture in prompting conversations among world civilizations. Confucian Academy cordially invites the submission of manuscripts for consideration for the next issue. Authors may submit manuscripts in Chinese or English while Chinese- English bilingual manuscripts are strongly preferred, in which case authors will receive a double payment upon publication. The corresponding author of an accepted manuscript will be noti ed and receive credit for payment. Confucian Academy additionally provides the corresponding author with two complimentary copies of the print issue in which the article appears.

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