Vegetative propagation of ornamental genotypes of Prunus avium L.

摘要

Vegetative propagation of mature wild cherry (Prunus avium L.) trees selected for their ornamental and fast-growing characteristics was studied by means of: (a) girdling, (b) tissue culture methods and (c) grafting (scions derived from micropropagated plants on rootstock from seedlings). Propagation of selected trees by girdling was very successful (approximately 90% rooting). The best nutrient medium for adventitious shoot induction in vitro was a modified solid MS medium supplemented with 4.44 micro M BA and 0.05 micro M IBA. Culture aeration through bacteriological filters, at all the stages of micropropagation, as well as the application of low photosynthetic photon flux density and red light showed a positive effect on the multiplication and elongation of cultures. Rooting percentage in vitro reached 100%, for some clones, on one fifth diluted MS medium supplemented with 9.8 micro M IBA (R3) and 20 g l-1 sucrose. This simple and effective micropropagation protocol was successfully applied on selected mature wild cherry trees in operational scale. Also, in order to overcome the disadvantages of micropropagated plant future performance in field, the application of top cleft grafting technique was proved very efficient by using scions derived from acclimatized dormant plantlets on the proper actively growing seedlings as rootstock.