Other Gram-Negative OrganismsBurkholderia cepacia complex and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

摘要

Since the discovery of cystic fibrosis (CF) in the 1940s, the most striking aspect of the associated lung disease, and the primary cause of this unusual inflammatory process, has been chronic pulmonary infection caused by a surprisingly limited spectrum of microbial pathogens. Historically, the dominant microbial pathogens recovered from CF airways have been bacteria, in particular Staphylococcus aureus, non-capsulate Haemophilus influenzae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.The 1990s saw the emergence of the Burkholderia cepacia complex.Today, the CF community is faced with a Pandora's box of potential new pathogens whose common feature is their environmental origin and innate resistance to most major groups of antibiotics. This chapter will focus on the 8. cepacia complex and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: species for future consideration may include Pandoraea apista, Ralstonia pickettii, Alcaligenes xylosoxidans and Chryseobacterium species.