The domestication of Gadidae: the cases of cod and pollack.

摘要

The term "domestication" has a legislative meaning when it applies to species submitted to selection pressure, but also a literary one based on the time since which the species lived close to man and the possibility of controlling their reproduction. In terms of legislation, none of the gadid species discussed in the present article, cod and pollack, can be considered as domestic. From a literary point of view, 140 years of research and the control of reproduction, give the cod a domestic status. However, this is not the case with pollack, which has only been studied since 10 years ago and the reproduction of which is still badly controlled. The weak differences observed between the performances of breeding and wild cods indicate the still limited impact of domestication on this species. Thanks to aquacultural development in Northern Europe and America, fish farming techniques as well as selection programmes should now be available, making it possible for the cod to reach a domestic status such as that considered by the legislator.