Special nutrition intervention is required for muscle protective efficacy of physical exercise in elderly people at highest risk of sarcopenia

摘要

Progressive loss of muscle mass and strength is a physiological consequence of aging, and without interventions, it usually deteriorates into sarcopenia. In this study, the hypothesis that combined special nutritional-physiother-apeutical interventionto prevent or reverse this biological deterioration in elderly people was tested. The effects of the regular resistance muscle training (PT, n= 17) alone and the combined exercise + special nutrition therapy containing whey protein and vitamin D (PT + NT, n = 17) were monitored for 3 months in 34 elderly patients (12 men and 22 women; mean age: 66.47 years) randomly distributed into two groups at a long-term care facility. Physical exercise alone did not result in significant improvement in skeletal muscle mass or strength, whereas combined intervention significantly increased the muscle strength (22.51 ±2.35 vs. 24.54 ±2.65, *±SEM, kg, p = 0.027). When therapeutic responses to the intervention were compared, a significant advantage of PT + NT overPT was found. The same trend was found when the non-significant post-therapeutic alterations (y2 test) of the distribution of normal vs. pre-sarcopenic + sarcopenic conditions within the two groups were compared. Combined intervention (PT + NT) is necessary for the efficient protection of the musculature in the high-risk elderly patients.