Evaluation of thiophanate methyl and iprodione for controlling lance nematode in golf greens, 2009.

摘要

Benzimidazoles were first introduced into the market as nematicidal agents; later they were developed into fungicides such as thiophanate methyl. On the other hand, iprodione was first introduced as a fungicide and has recently been registered as a nematicide in the United States. A golf green in Westfield, Massachusetts, approximately 84 years old, was chosen to evaluate thiophanate methyl (Cleary 3336F) and iprodione (26 GTF) separately and in combination at the highest labeled rates for the reduction of lance nematode. The green consisted of a 50:50 mixture of annual bluegrass and creeping bentgrass. Top-dressing over the years resulted in approximately 4 in. of sandy soil. The treatments and control were replicated five times (plots were 6 ft x6 ft) and completely randomized. Thiophanate methyl was applied to the plots at the rate of 6 fl oz/1,000 sq ft and iprodione at the rate of 8 fl oz/1,000 sq ft. A third treatment consisted of a combination of the two at the same rates. For each of the three treatments, the fungicides were applied in 55 gal of water/1,000 sq ft, and an additional 55 gal/1,000 sq ft was applied for a total of 0.18 in of water. Four applications were made at 3 week intervals on: 16 May, 3 and 25 Jun, and 16 Jul. Soil wassampled for nematodes on 9 May, 17 Jun, 7 Jul and 1 Sep by removing 10, 1 x 4 in. soil cores per plot and bulking together. Nematodes were recovered by wet sieving/sugar flotation and identified to genus. Only Hoplolaimus sp. (lance) was assessed. The data were subjected to analysis of variance.