Development of Polymorphic Tetranucleotide Microsatellite Markers for New World Warblers (Aves: Passeriformes: Parulidae) with Broad Cross-species Utility

摘要

We describe the isolation of 10 microsatellite loci with tetranucleotide repeat motifs from the Orange-crowned Warbler (Oreothlypis celata) by using an enrichment protocol. All 10 loci were variable across two sampled populations (Alaska, California Channel Islands); the number of alleles ranged from 2-23, and observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.333-1.000. We tested the utility of these loci across an additional 13 parulid species, spanning the evolutionary and ecological diversity of the Parulidae. Nine of our 10 primer pairs were successfully PCR-amplified across at least 12 species, with the remaining locus being amplified across 9 parulid species. We expect the identified loci to be of particular use in studies of phylogeography, determination of cryptic species boundaries, hybrid zone dynamics, and paternity assignment across New World warblers.