Nutrient removal remedies: Troubleshooting BNR processes requires a holistic review

摘要

Most water resource recovery facilities (WRRFs) using biological nutrient removal (BNR) processes are required by permit to reduce significantly the total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations discharged in reclaimed water. In addition, some WRRFs need to meet short-term limits, including daily and weekly maximum concentrations. Meeting these short-term limits requires a higher level of consistency.