Analyzing nonlinear impact of economic growth drivers on CO_2 emissions: designing an SDG framework for India

摘要

Several Asian countries are facing challenges regarding the accomplishment of the objectives of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and India is facing a similar situation. Following this, this study talks about designing an SDG framework for India that can be used as a benchmark for other Asian countries. In this pursuit, this study looks into whether per capita income, energy use, trade openness, and oil price have any impact on CO_2 emissions. The nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag approach proves that the fluctuations in independent variables have an asymmetric long-term impact on CO_2 emissions.The results reveal that the prevailing economic growth pattern in India is environmentally unsustainable because of its dependence on fossil fuel based energy consumption and imported crude oil. Import substitution has been identified as one of the first stepping stones to address this issue and accordingly a multipronged SDG framework is designed based on the direct and extended version of the study outcomes.While the Central policy framework shows a way to address SDG 7, SDG 8, SDG 12, and SDG 13, the tangential policy framework shows the way to sustain the Central policy framework by addressing SDG 4.