In the United States, energy production will account for almost 90 percent of the projected increase in consumption of freshwater between 2005 and 2030, according to Argonne National Laboratory. Power plants that use nuclear fission or fossil fuels, such as coal and natural gas, consume billions of gallons of water per day for cooling. Fossil-fuel plants that use carbon-capture technologies to cut carbon dioxide emissions consume even more water than conventional ones. As for renewable energy sources, they present a mixed water-use picture. While wind power and photovoltaic solar power use little water, solar thermal power—one of the fastest-growing renewable sectors-uses a great deal. Biofuels from non-irrigated sources, such as switchgrass, use
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机译：据阿贡国家实验室（Argonne National Laboratory）称，在美国，2005年至2030年之间，能源生产将占预计的淡水消耗量增长量的近90％。使用核裂变或化石燃料（例如煤和天然气）的发电厂每天消耗数十亿加仑的水进行冷却。使用碳捕获技术减少二氧化碳排放的化石燃料工厂比常规工厂消耗更多的水。至于可再生能源，它们呈现出混合用水的情况。风力和光伏太阳能消耗的水很少，而太阳能火力发电（增长最快的可再生能源之一）却大量使用。来自非灌溉来源（如柳枝switch）的生物燃料
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