If a knowledge base does not have all of the necessary clauses for reasoning, ordinary hypothetical reasoning sys- tems cannot explain observations. In this case, it is neces- sary to explain such observations by abductive reasoning, supplemental reasoning, or approximate reasoning. The inference in this paper explains the observation by supple- menting missing knowledge with reference to similar knowledge when an observation cannot be explained be- cause necessary knowledge is lacking. However, it is some- what difficult to find clauses to explain an observation without hints. Therefore, an abductive strategy (CMS) is used to find missing clauses. A piece of knowledge which is similar to the missing knowledge is sought in the knowl- edge base and mapped to the knowledge in the same prob- lem domain as the missing knowledge. Then the observation is explained by generated hypotheses similar to the knowledge in the knowledge base.
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