How to solve human error

摘要

Minimising marine casualties has alwaysrnbeen a concern for the shipping industry - and for Safety at Sea International. In its April 1971 issue, under the headline "Cures for marine disasters", the magazine examined a series of accidents in the tanker trade; the attendant oil pollution and public concern had "thrown the spotlight on the important navigational issues for shipping in general".rnTo get to the bottom of this issue, the author wrote, answers were needed to "two questions, namely 'Why do these casualties occur?' and 'What can be done to avoid them in the future?'" Almost four decades later, the same questions need to be asked in the continuing effort to minimise casualties. How can human error, and the casualty incidents it causes, be minimised at sea, and what are the main culprits behind human error?