Adaptive Power Control and Duty Cycle based Medium Access Control Protocol for Cluster based Wireless Sensor Network

摘要

Energy management has always been a research concern in the domain of wireless sensor networks. Usage of energy in an effective way is helpful to extend the life time of wireless sensor networks in significant manner. Clustering is one of effective solution used to increase the lifetime of sensor networks. Since, primary energy waste in sensor node is idle listening, many medium access protocols are designed to save the energy by keeping the radio in low power sleep mode. In order to save energy of nodes in clustered networks, an adaptive duty cycle medium access control (AD-MAC) protocol is introduced in this paper. It is designed to achieve low duty cycle for a cluster and less number of collisions in a network. Sensor nodes in AD-MAC have a very short listening time which would reduce the energy consumption greatly. Also number of collisions, is minimized by introducing the channel access method using hybrid of TDMA and FDMA Algorithm. Besides these features, an adaptive power control is introduced to extend the node's lifetime. In this way, AD-MAC protocol saves the total energy consumption of nodes and prolongs its life time. Simulation results show that our proposed algorithm significantly reduces energy consumption by 18% compared to an existing protocol ML-MAC.