August 29-Science publishes a study exploring "the 'black box' of China's government R&D expenditures." The two researchers, one based at China's Dalian University of Technology and the other at the University of Nottingham in the UK, found that China's R&D spending has tripled since 1995, to $163 billion in 2012, with nearly three-quarters of that money distributed by three science agencies. Although this number is massive, China's spending on basic and applied research as a percent of total R&D spending lags behind more developed nations. In 2011, China spent 4.7 percent of its R&D budget on basic research, and 11.8 percent on applied research, compared to 19.7 percent and 17.8 percent, respectively, in the United States. Furthermore, the nation relies on industry for nearly 80 percent of its R&D spending.
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