On empathic and logophoric binding

摘要

It is well known that the notions of “logophoricity” and “point of view” are crucial factors for the licensing of certain anaphoric expressions. These terms, however, have had varied definitions and often have been confounded with each other. In this article, I argue that the three types of linguistic point of view: (1) empathy (à la Kuno), (2) logophoricity, and (3) spatio-temporal (“deictic”) perspective must be kept apart, and that the empathic and logophoric perspectives play important but separate roles in binding. I also discuss implications of the logophoric/empathic distinction on the general typology of anaphora, and propose a preliminary formal analysis of anaphora based on empathy.