Density slope of the nuclear symmetry energy from the neutron skin thickness of heavy nuclei

摘要

Expressing explicitly the parameters of the standard Skyrme interaction in terms of the macroscopic properties of asymmetric nuclear matter, we show in the Skyrme-Hartree-Fock approach that unambiguous correlations exist between observables of finite nuclei and nuclear matter properties. We find that existing data on neutron skin thickness Δrnp of Sn isotopes give an important constraint on the symmetry energy Esym(ρ0) and its density slope L at saturation density ρ0. Combining these constraints with those from recent analyses of isospin diffusion and the double neutron/proton ratio in heavy-ion collisions at intermediate energies leads to a more stringent limit on L approximately independent of Esym(ρ0). The implication of these new constraints on the Δrnp of 208Pb as well as the core-crust transition density and pressure in neutron stars is discussed.