A new parallel model for the analysis of asynchronous algorithms

摘要

The BSP model barrier synchronization imposes some limits both in the range of available algorithms and also in their performance. Although BSP programs can be translated to MPI/ PVM programs, the counterpart is not true. The asynchronous nature of some MPI/PVM programs does not easily fit inside the BSP model. Through the suppression of barriers and the generalization of the concept of superstep we propose two new models, the BSP-like and the BSP without barriers (BSPWB) models. While the BSP-like extends the BSP* model to pro- grams written using collective operations, the more general BSPWB model admits the MPI/ PVM parallel asynchronous programming style. The parameters of the models and their quality are evaluated on four standard parallel platforms; the CRAY T3E, the IBM SP2, the Origin 2000 and the Digital Alpha Server 8400. The study shows that the time spent in an h- relation is more independent on the number of processors than on the communication pattern. We illustrate the use of these BSP extensions through two problem-solving paradigms : the Nested Parallel Recursive Divide and Conquer Paradigm and the Virtual Pipeline Dynamic Programming Paradigm. The proposed paradigms explain how nested parallelism and pro- cessor virtualization can be introduced in MPI and PVM without having any negative impact in the performance and model accuracy. The prediction of the communication times is robust even for problems, where communication is dominated by small messages.