~(26)Al-containing acidic and basic sodium aluminum phosphate preparation and use in studies of oral aluminum bioavailability from foods utilizing ~(26)Al as an aluminum tracer

摘要

We synthesized ~(26)Al-containing acidic and basic (alkaline) sodium aluminum phosphates (SALPs) which are FDA-approved leavening and emulsifying agents, respectively, and used them to determine the oral bioavailability of aluminum incorporated in selected foods. We selected applicable methods from published syntheses (patents) and scaled them down (～3000- and 850-fold) to prepare ～300-400 mg of each SALP. The ~(26)Al was incorporated at the beginning of the syntheses to maximize ~(26)Al and ~(27)Al equilibration and incorporate the ~(26)Al in the naturally-occurring Al-contain-ing chemical species of the products. Near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize the two SALP samples and some intermediate samples. Multi-elemental analysis (MEA) was used to determine Na, Al and P content. Commercial products were included for comparison. Satisfactory XRD analyses, near infrared spectra and MEA results confirmed that we synthesized acidic and basic SALP, as well as some of the syntheses intermediates. The ~(26)Al-containing acidic and basic SALPs were incorporated into a biscuit material and a processed cheese, respectively. These were used in oral bioavailability studies conducted in rats in which the ~(26)Al present in blood after its oral absorption was quantified by accelerator mass spectrometry. The results showed oral Al bioavailability from acidic SALP in biscuit was ～0.02% and from basic SALP in cheese ～0.05%, lower than our previous determination of Al bioavailability from drinking water, ～0.3%. Both food and water can appreciably contribute to the Al absorbed from typical human Al intake.