Twin extreme learning machine (TELM) is an efficient and effective method for pattern classification, based on widely known extreme learning machine (ELM). However, TELM is mainly used to deal with supervised learning problems. In this paper, we extend TELM to handle semi-supervised learning problems and propose a novel Laplacian twin extreme learning machine (LapTELM), which simultaneously trains two related and paired semi-supervised ELMs with two nonparallel separating planes for the final classification. The proposed method exploits the geometry structure property of the unlabeled samples and incorporates it as a manifold regularization term. This allows LapTELM to reap the benefits of fully exploring the plentiful unlabeled samples while retaining the learning ability and efficiency of TELM. Moreover, the paper shows that semi-supervised and supervised TELM can form an unified learning framework. Compared with several mainstream semi-supervised learning methods, the experimental results on the synthetic and several real-world data sets verify the effectiveness and efficiency of LapTELM. (c) 2018 Published by Elsevier B.V.
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