Recommender system implementations for embedded collaborative filtering applications

摘要

This paper starts proposing a complete recommender system implemented on reconfigurable hardware with the purpose of testing on-chip, low-energy embedded collaborative filtering applications. Although the computing time is lower than the one obtained from usual multicore microprocessors, this proposal has the advantage of providing an approach to solve any prediction problem based on collaborative filtering by using an off-line, highly-portable light computing environment. This approach has been successfully tested with state-of-the-art datasets. Next, as a result of improving certain tasks related to the on-chip recommender system, we propose a custom, fine-grained parallel circuit for quick matrix multiplication with floating-point numbers. This circuit was designed to accelerate the predictions from the model obtained by the recommender system, and tested with two small datasets for experimental purposes. The accelerator is built from two levels of parallelism. On the one hand, several predictions run in parallel through the simultaneous multiplication of different vectors of two matrices. On the other hand, the operation of each vector is executed in parallel by multiplying pairs of floating-point values to later add the corresponding results in parallel as well. This circuit was compared with other approaches designed for the same purpose: circuits built using automatized tools of high-level synthesis, a general-purpose microprocessor, and high-performance graphical processing units. The performance of the prediction accelerator in terms of time surpassed that of the other approaches. We also evaluated the scalability of the circuit to practical problems using the high-level synthesis approach, and confirmed that implementations based on reconfigurable hardware allow acceptable speedups of multi-core processors. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.