首页> 外文期刊>Marine ecology progress series >Role of grazing by sea urchins Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis in regulating the invasive alga Codium fragile ssp. tomentosoides in Nova Scotia
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Role of grazing by sea urchins Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis in regulating the invasive alga Codium fragile ssp. tomentosoides in Nova Scotia

机译:海胆放牧Strebylocentrotus droebachiensis在调节入侵性藻类脆弱的Ssp中的作用。新斯科舍省的绒毛类

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摘要

To assess the potential of herbivory in regulating the invasive green alga Codium fragile ssp. tomentosoides, field and laboratory experiments were conducted with the green sea urchin Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis in Nova Scotia, Canada. In the field, urchins at different densities (0, 50 and 100 urchins m~(-2)) were caged on boulders covered with a canopy of either the kelp Laminaria longicruris, Codium, or a mixture of both species for 13 wk. In the treatment with Laminaria only, ~90% of the canopy was removed within 34 and 75 d in cages with 100 and 50 urchins m~(-2), respectively. In contrast, Codium cover decreased by ~20 % at both levels of urchin density in the treatment with Codium only, and did not differ significantly from the control (no urchins) at the end of the experiment. In the mixed canopy treatment, urchins showed a preference for Laminaria, consuming 90 % of kelp cover within 39 and 54 d (at 100 and 50 urchins m~(-2), respectively), while Codium cover increased gradually. Urchins grazed turf-forming red algae in all treatments, although in treatments with Laminaria, intensive grazing of turf only occurred once kelp was completely consumed. In the laboratory, urchins fed single diets of Laminaria or Codium for 8 wk had similar grazing rates (~0.20 dry weight g urchin~(-1) d~((-1)), while urchins fed a mixed diet consumed 2 times more kelp (0.15 g urchin~(-1) d~(-1)) than Codium (0.08 g urchin~(-1) d~(-1)). These experimental results indicate that urchins prefer kelp but will consume Codium when other algal foods are not available. We predict that urchin aggregations encountering mixed stands of kelp and Codium will initially graze the kelp and turf algae, creating patches of Codium that ultimately will be consumed as well.
机译:评估食草在调节侵入性绿藻脆性小孢子中的潜力。在加拿大新斯科舍省的绿海顽童Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis进行了绒毛类,野外和实验室实验。在田间,将密度不同的海胆(0、50和100海胆m〜(-2))笼罩在巨石上,巨石上覆盖着海带,海带,钴或这两种物种的混合物,持续13周。仅在海带治疗中,在有100只和50只海胆m〜(-2)的笼子中,分别在34和75 d内除去了约90%的冠层。相比之下,在仅用Codium处理的两个顽童密度水平下,Codium覆盖率降低了约20%,并且在实验结束时与对照组(无Urchins)没有显着差异。在混合冠层处理中,海胆表现出对海带的偏爱,在39和54 d内消耗了90%的海带覆盖物(分别在100和50 urchin m〜(-2)下),而钴的覆盖率逐渐增加。在所有处理中,海胆都对形成草皮的红藻进行放牧,尽管在用海带进行的处理中,仅在海藻完全被消耗后才发生草皮的强烈放牧。在实验室中,饲喂单层海带或钴食物8周的海胆具有相似的放牧率(约0.20干重g顽童〜(-1)d〜((-1)),而饲喂混合饮食的海胆则多消耗2倍。海带(0.15 g urchin〜(-1)d〜(-1))比钴(0.08 g urchin〜(-1)d〜(-1))。这些实验结果表明,海胆偏爱海带,而其他食物则会消耗钴我们无法预测藻类的聚集,最初遇到海藻和草皮混合的海胆时,它们会首先吞食海藻和草皮藻类,最终会被食用。

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